A field guide to foreign-born founders

Built here.
Born elsewhere.

Nearly half of every billion-dollar American company was built by someone who wasn’t American. The passport is incidental. The hunger is not.

Source: Stanford / NFAP study, 1,078 founders behind 500 US unicorns.

44%

Foreign-born founders

1,078

Founders studied

500

US unicorns

3

Focus countries

Three countries. Three patterns.

Brazil shows up by count. Poland and Egypt show up in the room.

Brazil is the only one of the three with direct US-unicorn representation in the NFAP top-15. Poland and Egypt under-index by birth count — and over-index at the founding tables of companies you already use.

Brazil

The balance — cost + time zone + culture fit

9

founders

Egypt

The cost — ~30% of US senior, strong English

2

founders

Poland

The quality — OpenAI, ICEYE, Klarna alumni pool

5

founders

Brazil count from NFAP / Stanford 2022. Poland and Egypt are conservative direct-count of their founders at US unicorns (OpenAI, Affirm, Klarna, ICEYE; Cloudera, Affectiva). For context: India leads the broader leaderboard at 90.

8 founders · Brazil ships the way US teams ship — in your time zone, at half the cost.

01
Grew up in Brazil, met co-founder at MIT. Built Kalshi — the first federally regulated prediction market in the US.· Last val. $2B · Series C 2025
02
Co-founder of Nubank. Helped scale it to 100M+ customers and a public listing on NYSE.· Mkt cap ~$70B · NYSE: NU
03
Founded iFood. Ascended to run Prosus, one of the world's largest tech investors.· iFood ~$5B · Prosus mkt cap ~$100B
04
Co-founder of QuintoAndar — Brazil's highest-valued startup. Rewired how a nation rents apartments.· Last val. $5.1B · Series E
05
Co-founder and CEO of Loggi. Built last-mile logistics for a continent that UPS couldn't solve.· Last val. ~$2.2B · Series F
06
Co-founder of Brex. Left São Paulo for Stanford at 19. Built the corporate card unicorn used by half of YC.· Last val. ~$12.3B · 2022 round
07
Co-founder of Brex. Polymath — an exited founder in Brazil before moving to SF at 18.· Last val. ~$12.3B · 2022 round
08
Founder of GetNinjas — marketplace that matched millions of service pros with customers across Brazil.· Public · B3: NINJ3

8 founders · Egyptian seniors cost ~30% of US. And ship across MENA, EU, and your morning.

01
Cairo → Stanford → Yahoo. Co-founded Cloudera. Raised $1B in five years, IPO'd NYSE 2017. The godfather of enterprise big data.· Take-private val. $5.3B · 2021 (KKR)
02
Ex-PayPal, ex-Google Wallet. Built Poynt, sold to GoDaddy. Now runs GoDaddy Commerce.· Exit val. $320M · 2020, to GoDaddy
03
MIT Media Lab → Affectiva. Pioneered emotion-recognition AI years before it was fashionable. Acquired by Smart Eye.· Acquired $73.5M · 2021
04
Co-founder of MNT-Halan — Egypt's first unicorn. Fintech for the unbanked; 7M+ customers.· Last val. $1B+ · 2023 · $677M raised
05
Founded Swvl at 23. Mass-transit SaaS across MENA, SEA, Africa. Listed NASDAQ via SPAC.· SPAC val. $1.5B · 2022 · NASDAQ: SWVL
06
Founded Fawry in 2008. Listed EGX 2019, hit $1B+ market cap. Payments rails for an entire country.· Mkt cap ~$1B · EGX: FWRY
07
Co-founder, MNT-Halan. Built the technology stack that made Egypt's first unicorn possible.· Last val. $1B+ · 2023
08
Not a founder — but Egypt's most prominent export to Silicon Valley leadership. Ex-CBO, Google [X]. Pattern-maker for a generation of Arab tech operators.· Operator · Google [X] alum

8 founders · When you need senior, deep, get-it-right — Poland is where you look.

01
Co-founder of OpenAI. Polish-born, NYU PhD. Went from Warsaw math olympiads to building the research team behind GPT.· Company val. ~$500B · last secondary 2025
02
Kyiv-born to a Polish-Jewish family. Co-founded PayPal at 23. Built Affirm into a public fintech. The PayPal Mafia has a Polish node.· Affirm mkt cap ~$20B · NASDAQ: AFRM
03
Son of two Polish immigrants to Sweden. Turned a 2005 Stockholm dorm project into Klarna — Europe's largest BNPL fintech.· Last val. ~$6.7B · NYSE filing 2025
04
Polish-born CEO of ICEYE. Built the world's largest commercial SAR satellite constellation from Helsinki.· Last val. ~$1B+ · Series D
05
Founded DocPlanner (ZnanyLekarz). World's largest doctor-booking marketplace — 130M patient visits a year.· Last val. ~$1B · Series E 2022
06
Booksy — the service-business scheduling platform. Polish-born founder; HQ now US; 38M+ bookings/month.· Last val. ~$800M–1B · Series C
07
Co-founder, Brainly. Kraków-built global homework-help platform used by 350M+ students every month.· Last val. ~$500M · Series D 2021
08
Polish engineer on the founding team of Bending Spoons — the Italian house that bought Evernote, WeTransfer, StreamYard, and Komoot.· Last val. ~$2.55B · 2024 secondary

Thesis of the house

The common factor isn’t geography. It’s that someone, at 19 or 27 or 34, left. The leaving is the edge.

Stop recruiting by zip code.

Timofi finds the people who would have been on this page, ten years earlier. Pre-visa. Pre-MIT. Pre-the-Series-A that changed their name. If the next Zaremba or Lara or Awadallah is sending résumés from Warsaw, São Paulo, or Cairo right now — we’d like to talk.